Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

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Usinas Siderurgicas de Minas Gerais SA-Usiminas backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Usinas Siderurgicas de Minas Gerais SA-Usiminas. 10 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is 볼린저 밴드 돌파 (CAGR 13.9%, MDD -48.8%).

Data 2000-01-04 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 6,671 (26.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue BMFBOVESPAMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

10 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 4.5%, drawdown -93.6%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 16.0%, MDD -56.1%, Sharpe 0.63, 38% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR is 11.5%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 37.5%p (CAGR 13.9%, MDD -48.8%, exposure 34%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
n=95, threshold=0.13
16.0%-56.1%0.630.2951.3x17438%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=58, k=2
13.9%-48.8%0.600.2931.9x8634%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=9, slow=167
14.9%-68.9%0.570.2240.0x7350%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=90, exitN=31
12.3%-78.6%0.560.1621.9x5236%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=39, slow=84
13.4%-68.7%0.530.1928.0x6150%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.01, maxStep=0.24
12.7%-69.3%0.510.1824.2x31449%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=47, atrPeriod=15, mult=1.9
10.3%-67.1%0.480.1513.5x15438%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=25, threshold=16
10.1%-57.1%0.470.1812.8x22234%
Supertrend
period=25, mult=4.8
10.5%-73.8%0.460.1414.1x11650%
MACD
fast=24, slow=64, signal=22
10.7%-71.3%0.460.1515.0x21251%
Buy and hold4.5%-93.6%0.350.053.2x1100%
1x 10x 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -23% -47% -70% -94% 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -56.1% (2009-08-13 → 2013-01-31), recovered after 1,999 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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