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Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS ETF backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS ETF. 1 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. Its 98% market exposure makes it hold-like.

Data 2012-05-22 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 3,559 (14.2 years)Costs 0.5%Venue SIXMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

1 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 10.9%, drawdown -33.8%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 11.3%, MDD -23.9%, Sharpe 0.75, 98% exposure. With at least 95% exposure, it should be treated as hold-like, not strong evidence of timing skill.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
Hold-like · Exposure 98%
n=10, threshold=-0.09
11.3%-23.9%0.750.474.6x1398%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=17, exitN=69
7.1%-30.5%0.560.232.6x3389%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=39, slow=127
6.9%-24.9%0.560.282.6x1977%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=17, slow=206
6.6%-25.3%0.540.262.5x2577%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=12, atrPeriod=16, mult=4
0.7%-3.3%0.360.201.1x42%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=47, k=2.7
1.5%-21.4%0.300.071.2x2416%
Supertrend
period=30, mult=4.1
2.3%-26.3%0.250.091.4x10569%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=23, threshold=36
0.4%-8.6%0.200.051.1x43%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.01, maxStep=0.04
1.0%-31.1%0.150.031.2x12670%
MACD
fast=13, slow=38, signal=10
-3.2%-52.1%-0.24-0.060.6x23850%
Buy and hold10.9%-33.8%0.700.324.3x1100%
1x 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -8% -17% -25% -34% 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -23.9% (2021-11-25 → 2022-12-28), recovered after 847 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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