Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · HK

CITIC Limited backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of CITIC Limited. 10 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; Parabolic SAR ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is 볼린저 밴드 돌파 (CAGR 3.4%, MDD -43.0%).

Data 2000-01-04 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 6,623 (26.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue HKEXMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

10 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR -3.1%, drawdown -92.8%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): Parabolic SAR — CAGR 7.1%, MDD -65.5%, Sharpe 0.41, 51% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR is 10.2%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 27.2%p (CAGR 3.4%, MDD -43.0%, exposure 29%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.28
7.1%-65.5%0.410.116.2x20751%
MACD
fast=24, slow=36, signal=19
7.0%-55.3%0.400.136.1x24151%
Supertrend
period=26, mult=2.6
5.2%-62.3%0.340.083.9x20947%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=25, k=2
3.4%-43.0%0.270.082.4x19229%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=23, atrPeriod=9, mult=2.1
2.5%-52.8%0.230.051.9x14621%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=23, exitN=7
1.8%-55.0%0.190.031.6x20530%
ROC 모멘텀
n=120, threshold=0.12
1.4%-60.5%0.170.021.5x16226%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=11, slow=119
1.1%-71.0%0.160.021.3x9446%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=23, slow=89
1.0%-73.2%0.150.011.3x8046%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=32, threshold=16
0.3%-49.9%0.100.011.1x11222%
Buy and hold-3.1%-92.8%0.11-0.030.4x1100%
1x 10x 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 Parabolic SARBuy and hold
Parabolic SAR: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -23% -46% -70% -93% 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 Buy and holdParabolic SAR
Parabolic SAR maximum drawdown -65.5% (2014-08-13 → 2021-01-15), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Trades around the Parabolic SAR dots that accelerate toward price.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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