Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · HK

China Gas Holdings Limited backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of China Gas Holdings Limited. 10 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; EMA 크로스오버 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is Keltner 채널 돌파 (CAGR 8.2%, MDD -31.7%).

Data 2002-07-19 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 5,960 (24.0 years)Costs 0.5%Venue HKEXMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

10 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 6.4%, drawdown -87.7%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): EMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 12.8%, MDD -63.8%, Sharpe 0.55, 51% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: Keltner 채널 돌파 — CAGR is 6.4%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 23.9%p (CAGR 8.2%, MDD -31.7%, exposure 17%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
EMA 크로스오버
fast=45, slow=68
12.8%-63.8%0.550.2018.1x5651%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=27, slow=165
12.1%-57.4%0.530.2115.4x4250%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.32
12.1%-56.6%0.530.2115.5x17749%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=24, exitN=22
12.1%-58.4%0.520.2115.7x10751%
ROC 모멘텀
n=109, threshold=0.18
9.9%-47.8%0.510.219.8x16029%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=44, atrPeriod=13, mult=4
8.2%-31.7%0.510.266.7x4017%
Supertrend
period=20, mult=3.6
11.3%-62.7%0.500.1813.0x11149%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=47, k=3.1
7.7%-43.4%0.480.186.0x4416%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=17, threshold=24
7.1%-53.2%0.430.135.2x13122%
MACD
fast=14, slow=49, signal=17
7.4%-86.9%0.390.095.6x27550%
Buy and hold6.4%-87.7%0.360.074.4x1100%
1x 10x 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 EMA 크로스오버Buy and hold
EMA 크로스오버: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -22% -44% -66% -88% 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 Buy and holdEMA 크로스오버
EMA 크로스오버 maximum drawdown -63.8% (2018-06-05 → 2025-04-07), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Uses two exponential averages (more weight on recent prices) and trades their crossover.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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