Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

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ANIMA Holding S.p.A. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of ANIMA Holding S.p.A.. 6 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; Keltner 채널 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is ADX / DI 방향성 (CAGR 5.3%, MDD -16.6%).

Data 2014-04-16 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 3,121 (12.3 years)Costs 0.5%Venue MILMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

6 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 4.8%, drawdown -77.4%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): Keltner 채널 돌파 — CAGR 5.1%, MDD -17.9%, Sharpe 0.54, 13% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: Supertrend — CAGR 9.2%, MDD -43.8%, exposure 53%.

Return/drawdown alternative: ADX / DI 방향성 — CAGR is 0.3%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 59.5%p (CAGR 5.3%, MDD -16.6%, exposure 14%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=32, atrPeriod=37, mult=3.9
5.1%-17.9%0.540.281.8x1613%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=22, threshold=24
5.3%-16.6%0.530.321.9x3814%
Supertrend
period=21, mult=4.7
9.2%-43.8%0.520.213.0x3553%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=34, slow=82
7.3%-48.1%0.430.152.4x3756%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=29, exitN=70
7.9%-46.1%0.430.172.5x2971%
ROC 모멘텀
n=81, threshold=-0.04
6.4%-48.5%0.390.132.1x9963%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=5, slow=124
4.5%-46.8%0.310.101.7x6154%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=30, k=3.3
1.0%-9.0%0.310.111.1x65%
MACD
fast=23, slow=39, signal=19
-0.1%-49.7%0.11-0.001.0x13050%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.035, maxStep=0.38
-4.7%-74.2%-0.09-0.060.6x36054%
Buy and hold4.8%-77.4%0.310.061.8x1100%
1x 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 SupertrendKeltner 채널 돌파Buy and hold
Keltner 채널 돌파 (Sharpe leader), Supertrend (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -19% -39% -58% -77% 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 Buy and holdSupertrendKeltner 채널 돌파
Keltner 채널 돌파 maximum drawdown -17.9% (2019-12-17 → 2020-06-30), recovered after 1,856 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Breaking above the channel top (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals an upside breakout.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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