Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

Bread Financial Holdings, Inc. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.. 4 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR 11.2%, MDD -47.1%).

Data 2001-06-15 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 6,318 (25.1 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

4 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 9.8%, drawdown -92.7%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 12.9%, MDD -49.7%, Sharpe 0.60, 54% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: Donchian 채널 돌파 — CAGR 13.2%, MDD -59.6%, exposure 75%.

Return/drawdown alternative: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR is 3.1%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 43.0%p (CAGR 11.2%, MDD -47.1%, exposure 58%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
n=156, threshold=0.04
12.9%-49.7%0.600.2621.2x15154%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=16, slow=246
11.2%-47.1%0.560.2414.4x4358%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=24, exitN=62
13.2%-59.6%0.540.2222.5x5975%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=14, slow=141
10.7%-56.3%0.530.1913.0x5560%
Supertrend
period=26, mult=4.3
7.2%-60.7%0.390.125.8x10659%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=58, k=3.4
2.2%-38.0%0.260.061.7x1912%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=58, atrPeriod=20, mult=3.9
2.3%-50.6%0.220.051.8x6527%
MACD
fast=13, slow=29, signal=18
0.7%-64.1%0.170.011.2x33750%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.18
-0.1%-70.3%0.14-0.001.0x22754%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=35, threshold=10
0.4%-66.1%0.140.011.1x27948%
Buy and hold9.8%-92.7%0.430.1110.5x1100%
1x 10x 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 Donchian 채널 돌파ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀 (Sharpe leader), Donchian 채널 돌파 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -23% -46% -70% -93% 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 Buy and holdDonchian 채널 돌파ROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -49.7% (2007-10-24 → 2009-07-17), recovered after 1,548 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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