Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

etf · US

Blackrock MuniHoldings Fund, Inc. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Blackrock MuniHoldings Fund, Inc.. 8 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is ADX / DI 방향성 (CAGR 0.1%, MDD -5.6%).

Data 1997-05-06 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 7,355 (29.2 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

8 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR -1.0%, drawdown -52.7%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 0.6%, MDD -6.3%, Sharpe 0.25, 0% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: Donchian 채널 돌파 — CAGR 0.9%, MDD -31.9%, exposure 68%.

Return/drawdown alternative: ADX / DI 방향성 — CAGR is 1.6%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 46.4%p (CAGR 0.1%, MDD -5.6%, exposure 1%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
n=4, threshold=0.08
0.6%-6.3%0.250.101.2x120%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=19, exitN=44
0.9%-31.9%0.140.031.3x10568%
Supertrend
period=6, mult=4.5
0.4%-25.3%0.090.011.1x10754%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=37, threshold=39
0.1%-5.6%0.070.011.0x21%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=45, slow=114
-0.4%-43.4%0.00-0.010.9x6554%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=29, slow=46
-0.4%-37.6%-0.01-0.010.9x10656%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=54, k=1.1
-0.5%-26.2%-0.04-0.020.9x16244%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=57, atrPeriod=11, mult=2.5
-0.8%-38.1%-0.10-0.020.8x12236%
MACD
fast=27, slow=59, signal=19
-3.3%-63.5%-0.37-0.050.4x25253%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.08
-4.1%-70.5%-0.45-0.060.3x22855%
Buy and hold-1.0%-52.7%-0.00-0.020.7x1100%
1x 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 Donchian 채널 돌파ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀 (Sharpe leader), Donchian 채널 돌파 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -13% -26% -40% -53% 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 Buy and holdDonchian 채널 돌파ROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -6.3% (2020-03-30 → 2020-04-02), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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