Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

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Northrop Grumman Corporation backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Northrop Grumman Corporation. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; EMA 크로스오버 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is EMA 크로스오버 (CAGR 7.5%, MDD -58.9%).

Data 1981-12-31 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 11,235 (44.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 9.9%, drawdown -74.8%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): EMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 7.5%, MDD -58.9%, Sharpe 0.46, 67% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: Donchian 채널 돌파 — CAGR 7.5%, MDD -67.8%, exposure 87%.

Return/drawdown alternative: EMA 크로스오버 — CAGR is 2.5%p lower than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 15.9%p (CAGR 7.5%, MDD -58.9%, exposure 67%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
EMA 크로스오버
fast=34, slow=160
7.5%-58.9%0.460.1325.1x7067%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=13, slow=230
7.3%-53.8%0.450.1423.1x8466%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=5, exitN=38
7.5%-67.8%0.420.1125.2x25987%
ROC 모멘텀
n=118, threshold=-0.04
5.8%-69.6%0.370.0812.1x32074%
Supertrend
period=24, mult=4.7
4.8%-47.8%0.340.108.2x17059%
MACD
fast=27, slow=38, signal=23
3.2%-49.2%0.260.074.1x42352%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=18, k=3.3
0.8%-12.8%0.220.061.4x283%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=26, atrPeriod=18, mult=1.8
2.2%-49.6%0.220.042.7x36037%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=24, threshold=12
1.4%-67.0%0.170.021.9x55048%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.015, maxStep=0.02
1.2%-69.5%0.160.021.7x27859%
Buy and hold9.9%-74.8%0.480.1368.4x1100%
1x 10x 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2012 2018 2024 Donchian 채널 돌파EMA 크로스오버Buy and hold
EMA 크로스오버 (Sharpe leader), Donchian 채널 돌파 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -19% -37% -56% -75% 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2012 2018 2024 Buy and holdDonchian 채널 돌파EMA 크로스오버
EMA 크로스오버 maximum drawdown -58.9% (1985-07-16 → 1991-01-10), recovered after 4,084 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Uses two exponential averages (more weight on recent prices) and trades their crossover.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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