Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd.. 4 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; Supertrend ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is Supertrend (CAGR 13.0%, MDD -65.9%).

Data 1993-04-28 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 8,372 (33.3 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

4 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 11.3%, drawdown -90.3%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): Supertrend — CAGR 13.0%, MDD -65.9%, Sharpe 0.56, 57% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: Supertrend — CAGR is 1.8%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 24.3%p (CAGR 13.0%, MDD -65.9%, exposure 57%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
Supertrend
period=19, mult=2.9
13.0%-65.9%0.560.2058.5x27157%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.08
12.6%-67.6%0.540.1951.0x27855%
MACD
fast=14, slow=45, signal=16
12.0%-66.5%0.510.1843.0x42351%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=24, exitN=75
12.6%-81.8%0.510.1551.5x8778%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=27, atrPeriod=10, mult=0.9
9.9%-57.2%0.480.1723.3x40549%
ROC 모멘텀
n=165, threshold=-0.04
10.2%-64.5%0.480.1625.4x21365%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=23, slow=115
9.0%-83.7%0.440.1117.4x8759%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=15, slow=96
8.6%-72.8%0.430.1215.5x11760%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=37, k=1.4
6.8%-59.1%0.380.118.9x25145%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=24, threshold=11
6.7%-73.8%0.370.098.7x43851%
Buy and hold11.3%-90.3%0.460.1234.7x1100%
1x 10x 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 SupertrendBuy and hold
Supertrend: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -23% -45% -68% -90% 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 Buy and holdSupertrend
Supertrend maximum drawdown -65.9% (2005-12-13 → 2009-03-30), recovered after 1,546 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Trades the direction of a volatility-based trend line that trails below/above price.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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