Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

American Homes 4 Rent backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of American Homes 4 Rent. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; 볼린저 밴드 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester.

Data 2013-08-01 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 3,269 (13.0 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 6.0%, drawdown -38.5%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR 1.7%, MDD -6.3%, Sharpe 0.52, 3% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 4.5%, MDD -38.5%, exposure 54%.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=49, k=3.4
1.7%-6.3%0.520.271.2x23%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=12, atrPeriod=21, mult=3
1.0%-4.4%0.410.221.1x42%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=50, slow=180
4.5%-38.5%0.350.121.8x1954%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=39, threshold=21
1.3%-10.6%0.300.121.2x86%
ROC 모멘텀
n=49, threshold=0.19
0.8%-9.8%0.240.081.1x343%
Supertrend
period=31, mult=4.8
2.4%-43.3%0.230.061.4x3554%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=77, slow=216
2.3%-38.5%0.220.061.4x1557%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=95, exitN=34
0.8%-35.5%0.130.021.1x2530%
MACD
fast=49, slow=71, signal=36
-1.0%-53.2%0.00-0.020.9x7349%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.01, maxStep=0.2
-8.9%-72.2%-0.50-0.120.3x19257%
Buy and hold6.0%-38.5%0.370.162.1x1100%
1x 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 SMA 크로스오버볼린저 밴드 돌파Buy and hold
볼린저 밴드 돌파 (Sharpe leader), SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -10% -19% -29% -39% 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 Buy and holdSMA 크로스오버볼린저 밴드 돌파
볼린저 밴드 돌파 maximum drawdown -6.3% (2016-08-08 → 2016-09-12), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Breaking above the upper band (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals a strong move up.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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