Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

Freeport-McMoRan, Inc. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Freeport-McMoRan, Inc.. 7 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; 볼린저 밴드 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is 볼린저 밴드 돌파 (CAGR 9.1%, MDD -47.7%).

Data 1995-07-10 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 7,817 (31.1 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

7 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 5.4%, drawdown -94.1%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR 9.1%, MDD -47.7%, Sharpe 0.47, 34% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR is 3.7%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 46.4%p (CAGR 9.1%, MDD -47.7%, exposure 34%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=57, k=2.1
9.1%-47.7%0.470.1915.0x10234%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=50, atrPeriod=19, mult=3.5
6.8%-55.6%0.410.127.7x8626%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=18, slow=57
7.6%-61.9%0.390.129.8x14052%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=15, slow=70
7.4%-64.4%0.380.119.1x13452%
ROC 모멘텀
n=75, threshold=0.11
6.1%-61.1%0.350.106.3x29836%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=33, exitN=33
6.3%-71.4%0.350.096.8x11049%
Supertrend
period=13, mult=4.9
6.3%-64.1%0.350.106.7x10951%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=39, threshold=26
2.1%-23.1%0.300.091.9x123%
MACD
fast=15, slow=54, signal=6
0.8%-89.4%0.200.011.3x53952%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.015, maxStep=0.28
-0.9%-88.8%0.14-0.010.8x56552%
Buy and hold5.4%-94.1%0.360.065.1x1100%
1x 10x 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 볼린저 밴드 돌파Buy and hold
볼린저 밴드 돌파: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -24% -47% -71% -94% 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 Buy and hold볼린저 밴드 돌파
볼린저 밴드 돌파 maximum drawdown -47.7% (2021-02-22 → 2025-07-31), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Breaking above the upper band (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals a strong move up.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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