Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

Bank of N.T. Butterfield & Son Limited (The) Voting backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Bank of N.T. Butterfield & Son Limited (The) Voting. 3 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; Parabolic SAR ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is Parabolic SAR (CAGR 16.6%, MDD -29.0%).

Data 2016-09-16 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 2,481 (9.9 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

3 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 9.6%, drawdown -71.9%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): Parabolic SAR — CAGR 16.6%, MDD -29.0%, Sharpe 0.77, 53% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: Parabolic SAR — CAGR is 7.0%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 42.8%p (CAGR 16.6%, MDD -29.0%, exposure 53%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
Parabolic SAR
step=0.02, maxStep=0.18
16.6%-29.0%0.770.574.5x20053%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=21, exitN=71
12.5%-38.9%0.560.323.2x2576%
ROC 모멘텀
n=50, threshold=-0.06
10.2%-38.2%0.490.272.6x8577%
MACD
fast=10, slow=35, signal=17
8.6%-31.7%0.470.272.3x14246%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=24, slow=46
5.8%-37.3%0.350.151.7x6157%
Supertrend
period=11, mult=1.4
5.5%-30.8%0.350.181.7x18553%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=29, slow=197
4.9%-54.0%0.330.091.6x1557%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=23, k=1.4
3.2%-40.1%0.260.081.4x11139%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=26, atrPeriod=9, mult=1
-1.5%-54.3%0.03-0.030.9x12742%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=35, threshold=31
-0.0%-8.9%0.01-0.001.0x21%
Buy and hold9.6%-71.9%0.440.132.5x1100%
1x 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 Parabolic SARBuy and hold
Parabolic SAR: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -18% -36% -54% -72% 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025 Buy and holdParabolic SAR
Parabolic SAR maximum drawdown -29.0% (2021-05-07 → 2023-01-18), recovered after 945 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Trades around the Parabolic SAR dots that accelerate toward price.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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