Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ADX / DI 방향성 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester.

Data 1981-12-15 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 11,246 (44.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 7.1%, drawdown -90.2%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ADX / DI 방향성 — CAGR 4.7%, MDD -32.8%, Sharpe 0.43, 15% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 6.4%, MDD -83.3%, exposure 53%.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ADX / DI 방향성
period=28, threshold=24
4.7%-32.8%0.430.147.9x8815%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=112, exitN=20
5.1%-41.7%0.390.129.3x10826%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=65, slow=163
6.4%-83.3%0.380.0815.8x6853%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=44, atrPeriod=26, mult=3.8
4.3%-72.5%0.340.066.4x11223%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=51, slow=114
4.8%-87.6%0.320.057.9x8455%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=53, k=3.5
2.4%-33.7%0.260.072.9x3810%
MACD
fast=16, slow=50, signal=19
1.2%-86.2%0.170.011.7x50452%
Supertrend
period=16, mult=4.6
1.0%-95.2%0.160.011.6x20053%
ROC 모멘텀
n=46, threshold=0.07
1.0%-94.8%0.150.011.6x54434%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.015, maxStep=0.3
-3.4%-98.6%0.01-0.030.2x74552%
Buy and hold7.1%-90.2%0.360.0821.3x1100%
1x 10x 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2012 2018 2024 SMA 크로스오버ADX / DI 방향성Buy and hold
ADX / DI 방향성 (Sharpe leader), SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -23% -45% -68% -90% 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 2012 2018 2024 Buy and holdSMA 크로스오버ADX / DI 방향성
ADX / DI 방향성 maximum drawdown -32.8% (1986-07-01 → 1987-07-10), recovered after 437 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Looks at both the direction and the strength of the trend; holds only in a strong uptrend.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

Read next